Course Details

Natural Technologies of Water Treatment

Academic Year 2022/23

NSB019 course is part of 1 study plan

​ NPC-SIV Winter Semester 2nd year

Introduction to the problem, distribution of natural methods of purification, history of using natural methods of purification
Cleaning processes in soil, water and wetlands, importance of vegetation, composition of polluted and waste water
Exploration work, rainwater management
Mechanical pre-treatment of waste water
Horizontal filter design, operation issues
Vertical filter tip, pulse dosing systems
Design of a stabilization tank, floating wetland islands
Combination of natural and artificial ways of cleaning, use in practice, modernization.
Operation of natural sewage treatment plants

Credits

5 credits

Language of instruction

Czech

Semester

winter

Course Guarantor

doc. Ing. Michal Kriška-Dunajský, Ph.D.

Institute

Institute of Landscape Water Management

Forms and criteria of assessment

course-unit credit and examination

Entry Knowledge

Student gains overview of possibilities of natural ways of water treatment use, knowledge of purification processes in soil, water and wetland environment, their use in various types of equipment.

Aims

Evaluation of possibilities of natural ways of water treatment use, advantages and disadvantages.
Specific of mechanical pre-treatment solution
Knowledge of purification processes in soil, water and wetland environment, their use in various types of equipment
Ability to use the principle of designing the most used types
Environmental impact assessment, overview of legislative.

Basic Literature

ČSN 75 6402: Čistírny odpadních vod do 500 ekvivalentních obyvatel, 2017. Praha: Úřad pro technickou normalizaci, metrologii a státní zkušebnictví.   (cs)
DWA, 2017. Grundsätze für Bemessung, Bau und Betrieb von Kläranlagen mit bepflanzten und unbepflanzten Filtern zur Reinigung häuslichen und kommunalen Abwassers: Arbeitsblatt DWA-A 262. Hennef: Deutsche Vereinigung für Wasserwirtschaft, Abwasser und Abfall. DWA-Regelwerk, A 262. ISBN 38-872-1547-8.

(de)
ÖNORM B 2505- Kläranlagen – Intermittierend beschickte Bodenfilter („Pflanzenkläranlagen“)

(de)
Dotro, Gabriela & Langergraber, Günter & Molle, Pascal & Nivala, Jaime & Puigagut, Jaume & Stein, Otto. (2017). Biological Wastewater Treatment Series, Volume 7: Treatment Wetlands.

(en)
sciencedirect.com - databáze vědeckých článků, vyhledání klíčových slov "treatment wetland", "vertical filter", "natural treatment", apod. (en)
Kořenové čistírny odpadních vod, METODICKÁ PŘÍRUČKA PRO POVOLOVÁNÍ, NÁVRH, REALIZACI A PROVOZ, Michal Kriška a Miroslava Němcová, 2015, elektronická verze /pdf dostupné na https://uvhk.fce.vutbr.cz (cs)

Syllabus

1. Introduction to natural ways of waste water treatment - advantages, disadvantages, possibilities of use, legislative.
2. Quantity and content of waste water, slurry and sludge, calculations, measurement, mechanical treatment of waste water from the small polluters.
3. Reed bed treatment plants: purification processes in filtration environment, efficiency. Function, use and treatment of plants in reed bed treatment plant.
4. Objects on reed bed treatment plants, design of treatment wetlands, computing and calculation, construction, sealing. Vertical reed bed treatment plant.
5. Plants on treatment wetlands – functions, using, treatment.
6. Materials for filtration media.
7. Possibilities and limitations of VKC, operation of wastewater treatment plants.
8. Cleaner Economy - Investment and Operation.
9. Stabilization tanks: cleaning processes in the aquatic environment, building solutions, dimensions.
10. Efficiency of the treatment plant, carbon footprint, comparison with the best available technologies

Prerequisites

Knowledge of hydraulics - pipe flow, groundwater hydraulics, hydropedology - especially grain-size analysis, density and bulk density filter materials, waste water treatment - mechanical treatment and sludge management, calculation and maximum daily flow, water chemistry and technology, basic concepts such as nitrification and denitrification, BOD, PE

Specification of controlled instruction, the form of instruction, and the form of compensation of the absences

Extent and forms are specified by guarantor’s regulation updated for every academic year.

Offered to foreign students

Not to offer

Course on BUT site

https://www.vut.cz/en/students/courses/detail/253134

Lecture

13 weeks, 2 hours/week, elective

Syllabus

  1. Introduction to natural methods of wastewater treatment - technology, possible applications; legislation
  2. Sizing and input for the design of a natural wastewater treatment plant
  3. Mechanical wastewater treatment for small producers - septic tank, anaerobic separator, combs, sand trap, slotted settling tank
  4. Design- subdivision, systems, basic and multistage arrangements, horizontal subsurface flow systems.
  5. WWTP structures, calculations, construction, sealing. Vertical filters with vegetation.
  6. Plants - function, use, treatment.
  7. Stabilization tanks: treatment processes in the aquatic environment, construction design, dimensions.
  8. Sludge management

Exercise

13 weeks, 2 hours/week, compulsory

Syllabus

  1. Specification of an example solution for a domestic wastewater treatment plant - input data, flow rates, determination of concentrations
  2. Design of mechanical pretreatment - septic tank or anaerobic separator - sizing
  3. Mechanical pre-treatment - floor plan and sample section of the building
  4. Vertical filter with vegetation - sizing, layout, shape, pipe hydraulics
  5. Vertical filter with vegetation - floor plan and sample section of the building
  6. Solution of the situation - layout on the plot, creation of a coordinating situation drawing
  7. Preparation of the technical report
  8. Completion of the design of the domestic wastewater treatment plant, credit